Medical terms

Explaining medical terms so the patient understands them

„Was heißt das, Frau Doktor?“ (What does that mean, doctor?) – the examiner-patient asks this question on purpose. Here you will find over 100 terms with their everyday form, translated into your language, and the techniques for explaining even terms that are not on the list.

4 min readLast reviewed: 5 November 2026

terms in the glossary
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On this page
  1. Why medical terms decide the exam
  2. The glossary
  3. Three techniques for any term
  4. Frequently asked questions about medical terms

Why medical terms decide the exam

The FSP tests at three points whether you can switch between medical terminology and plain language: in the patient conversation (plain language only), in the report (medical terms only) and with the senior physician, who says in the middle of the presentation: „Erklären Sie das dem Patienten.“ (Explain that to the patient.) If you know a term in only one form, you get stuck at one of these three points.

The glossary below shows every term in both forms. A fifth of the collection is freely available here – across the alphabet, so you get a feel for the plain forms. The complete glossary with flashcards, a test and one term a day is available after signing up.

Medical term of the day

10 November 2026

Arteriitis (die)

In FSPkurs the AI grades your explanation every day – with a streak that keeps you going.

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The glossary

Plain language or medical terminology?

Ten terms from the glossary. For each one decide: is this how it appears in the medical report – or how you say it to the patient? Swipe the card or tap a button.

355 of 1810 terms are freely available here — the complete glossary with flashcards and test is available after signing up.

Learn all 1810 medical terms →

Three techniques for any term

  1. The everyday word

    Many medical terms have a direct German counterpart: Appendizitis → Blinddarmentzündung, Hypertonie → Bluthochdruck, Fraktur → Knochenbruch. If one exists, it is always the best choice.

  2. Describing place and process

    If no everyday word exists: say where something is and what happens there. Pankreatitis → „eine Entzündung der Bauchspeicheldrüse, das ist ein Organ hinter dem Magen, das Verdauungssäfte bildet“ (an inflammation of the pancreas, an organ behind the stomach that produces digestive juices). Cholezystektomie → „die Gallenblase wird operativ entfernt“ (the gallbladder is surgically removed).

  3. The comparison

    For procedures and examinations: Sonografie → „eine Untersuchung mit Ultraschall, so wie bei Schwangeren“ (an ultrasound examination, like for pregnant women), Koloskopie → „eine Darmspiegelung – ein dünner Schlauch mit Kamera, über den wir den Darm von innen ansehen“ (a thin tube with a camera through which we look at the bowel from the inside), Stent → „ein kleines Röhrchen, das das Gefäß offen hält“ (a small tube that keeps the vessel open).

Frequently asked questions about medical terms

Is there a terminology test in the FSP?

In some federal states yes – as a short section of the doctor–doctor conversation in which you explain terms or translate lay words into medical terminology. Which states do this is listed on the state pages.

How many medical terms do I need to know?

For the conversation, the 100 to 150 most common terms from history-taking and basic diagnostics count – symptoms, organs, examinations, common diagnoses. Better to have these securely in both forms than 1,000 passively.

May I use Latin terms in the report?

Yes, the report is medical terminology – they are welcome there. Only in the conversation with the patient do they need translating.

What is the best way to learn the plain forms?

Out loud, in full sentences, as an explanation to an imaginary patient – not as vocabulary pairs. In FSPkurs there are flashcards for this, a test with free-text grading and one term every day that you explain to a patient.

Read on

Practise instead of just reading

Everything on this page you can practise right away in FSPkurs with a talking AI patient — history-taking, documentation and case presentation, graded by FSP criteria.

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